diff --git a/src/main/resources/templates/views/fragment/popup/customPopups.html b/src/main/resources/templates/views/fragment/popup/customPopups.html
index ac16373..c1fa6bc 100644
--- a/src/main/resources/templates/views/fragment/popup/customPopups.html
+++ b/src/main/resources/templates/views/fragment/popup/customPopups.html
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 <!-- fragment/popup/customPopups.html -->
 <div th:fragment="customPopups">
-    <div th:replace="fragment/popup/customPopup :: #customAlert"></div>
-    <div th:replace="fragment/popup/emailValidationPopup :: #emailValidationPopup"></div>
-    <div th:replace="fragment/popup/customPopup2 :: #customConfirm"></div>
-    <div th:replace="fragment/popup/passwordInputPopup :: passwordInputPopup"></div>
-    <div th:replace="fragment/popup/terminateRequestPopup :: terminateRequestPopup"></div>
+    <div th:replace="~{fragment/popup/customPopup :: #customAlert}"></div>
+    <div th:replace="~{fragment/popup/emailValidationPopup :: #emailValidationPopup}"></div>
+    <div th:replace="~{fragment/popup/customPopup2 :: #customConfirm}"></div>
+    <div th:replace="~{fragment/popup/passwordInputPopup :: passwordInputPopup}"></div>
+    <div th:replace="~{fragment/popup/terminateRequestPopup :: terminateRequestPopup}"></div>
 </div>
diff --git a/src/main/resources/templates/views/layout/base_layout.html b/src/main/resources/templates/views/layout/base_layout.html
index 75eda29..ef31893 100644
--- a/src/main/resources/templates/views/layout/base_layout.html
+++ b/src/main/resources/templates/views/layout/base_layout.html
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
       xmlns:layout="http://www.ultraq.net.nz/thymeleaf/layout">
 
 
-<head th:replace="fragment/head :: headFragment">
+<head th:replace="~{fragment/head :: headFragment}">
     <meta charset="utf-8">
 </head>
 
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
     </th:block>
 </div>
 
-<footer th:replace="fragment/footer :: footerFragment"></footer>
+<footer th:replace="~{fragment/footer :: footerFragment}"></footer>
 
 </body>
 </html>
diff --git a/src/main/resources/templates/views/layout/djbank_base_layout.html b/src/main/resources/templates/views/layout/djbank_base_layout.html
index 0b8d6bc..1ebb8a2 100644
--- a/src/main/resources/templates/views/layout/djbank_base_layout.html
+++ b/src/main/resources/templates/views/layout/djbank_base_layout.html
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 <html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"
     xmlns:layout="http://www.ultraq.net.nz/thymeleaf/layout">
 
-  <head th:replace="fragment/djbank/head :: headFragment">
+  <head th:replace="~{fragment/djbank/head :: headFragment}">
     <meta charset="utf-8">
   </head>
 
@@ -20,9 +20,9 @@
     <th:block layout:fragment="contentScript">
     </th:block>
 
-    <footer th:replace="fragment/djbank/footer :: footerFragment"></footer>
-    <section th:replace="fragment/popup/customPopups :: customPopups"></section>
-    <section th:replace="fragment/popup/twoFactorAuthPopup :: twoFactorAuthPopup"></section>
+    <footer th:replace="~{fragment/djbank/footer :: footerFragment}"></footer>
+    <section th:replace="~{fragment/popup/customPopups :: customPopups}"></section>
+    <section th:replace="~{fragment/popup/twoFactorAuthPopup :: twoFactorAuthPopup}"></section>
     <section layout:fragment="pagePopups"></section>
     <script th:src="@{/js/popup/custom-popups.js}"></script>
     <script th:src="@{/js/popup/two-factor-auth.js}"></script>
diff --git a/src/main/resources/templates/views/layout/djbank_index_layout.html b/src/main/resources/templates/views/layout/djbank_index_layout.html
index dbfd340..13cf639 100644
--- a/src/main/resources/templates/views/layout/djbank_index_layout.html
+++ b/src/main/resources/templates/views/layout/djbank_index_layout.html
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
     xmlns:layout="http://www.ultraq.net.nz/thymeleaf/layout">
 
 
-  <head th:replace="fragment/djbank/head :: headFragment">
+  <head th:replace="~{fragment/djbank/head :: headFragment}">
     <meta charset="utf-8">
   </head>
 
@@ -18,9 +18,9 @@
     <th:block layout:fragment="contentScript">
     </th:block>
 
-    <footer th:replace="fragment/djbank/footer :: footerFragment"></footer>
+    <footer th:replace="~{fragment/djbank/footer :: footerFragment}"></footer>
 
-    <section th:replace="fragment/popup/customPopups :: customPopups"></section>
+    <section th:replace="~{fragment/popup/customPopups :: customPopups}"></section>
     <script th:src="@{/js/popup/custom-popups.js}"></script>
   </body>
 </html>
diff --git a/src/main/resources/templates/views/layout/djbank_nohead_layout.html b/src/main/resources/templates/views/layout/djbank_nohead_layout.html
index cfca038..6c223a8 100644
--- a/src/main/resources/templates/views/layout/djbank_nohead_layout.html
+++ b/src/main/resources/templates/views/layout/djbank_nohead_layout.html
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 <html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"
     xmlns:layout="http://www.ultraq.net.nz/thymeleaf/layout">
 
-  <head th:replace="fragment/djbank/head :: headFragment">
+  <head th:replace="~{fragment/djbank/head :: headFragment}">
     <meta charset="utf-8">
   </head>
 
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
     <th:block layout:fragment="script">
     </th:block>
 
-    <section th:replace="fragment/popup/customPopups :: customPopups"></section>
+    <section th:replace="~{fragment/popup/customPopups :: customPopups}"></section>
     <script th:src="@{/js/popup/custom-popups.js}"></script>
   </body>
 </html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/main/resources/templates/views/layout/djbank_title_layout.html b/src/main/resources/templates/views/layout/djbank_title_layout.html
index d8c5fd1..2f8c4a3 100644
--- a/src/main/resources/templates/views/layout/djbank_title_layout.html
+++ b/src/main/resources/templates/views/layout/djbank_title_layout.html
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 <html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"
     xmlns:layout="http://www.ultraq.net.nz/thymeleaf/layout">
 
-  <head th:replace="fragment/djbank/head :: headFragment">
+  <head th:replace="~{fragment/djbank/head :: headFragment}">
     <meta charset="utf-8">
   </head>
 
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
     <div class="loading-overlay" style="display: none;">
       <div class="loading-spinner"></div>
     </div>
-    <div class="navigation" th:replace="fragment/djbank/header_nav :: headerFragment"></div>
+    <div class="navigation" th:replace="~{fragment/djbank/header_nav :: headerFragment}"></div>
     <div class="container">
       <th:block layout:fragment="contentFragment">
       </th:block>
@@ -21,9 +21,9 @@
     <th:block layout:fragment="contentScript">
     </th:block>
 
-    <footer th:replace="fragment/djbank/footer :: footerFragment"></footer>
-    <section th:replace="fragment/popup/customPopups :: customPopups"></section>
-    <section th:replace="fragment/popup/twoFactorAuthPopup :: twoFactorAuthPopup"></section>
+    <footer th:replace="~{fragment/djbank/footer :: footerFragment}"></footer>
+    <section th:replace="~{fragment/popup/customPopups :: customPopups}"></section>
+    <section th:replace="~{fragment/popup/twoFactorAuthPopup :: twoFactorAuthPopup}"></section>
     <section layout:fragment="pagePopups"></section>
     <script th:src="@{/js/popup/custom-popups.js}"></script>
     <script th:src="@{/js/popup/two-factor-auth.js}"></script>
diff --git a/src/main/resources/templates/views/layout/index_layout.html b/src/main/resources/templates/views/layout/index_layout.html
index 182aaaa..ce84471 100644
--- a/src/main/resources/templates/views/layout/index_layout.html
+++ b/src/main/resources/templates/views/layout/index_layout.html
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
       xmlns:layout="http://www.ultraq.net.nz/thymeleaf/layout">
 
 
-<head th:replace="fragment/head :: headFragment">
+<head th:replace="~{fragment/head :: headFragment}">
     <meta charset="utf-8">
 </head>
 
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
     </th:block>
 </div>
 
-<footer th:replace="fragment/footer :: footerFragment"></footer>
+<footer th:replace="~{fragment/footer :: footerFragment}"></footer>
 
 </body>
 </html>
diff --git a/src/main/resources/templates/views/layout/side_menu_layout.html b/src/main/resources/templates/views/layout/side_menu_layout.html
index 1391723..f0360c0 100644
--- a/src/main/resources/templates/views/layout/side_menu_layout.html
+++ b/src/main/resources/templates/views/layout/side_menu_layout.html
@@ -3,31 +3,31 @@
       xmlns:layout="http://www.ultraq.net.nz/thymeleaf/layout">
 
 
-<head th:replace="fragment/head :: headFragment">
+<head th:replace="~{fragment/head :: headFragment}">
     <meta charset="utf-8">
 </head>
 
 <body>
 
 <!-- header -->
-<header th:replace="fragment/admin_header :: headerFragment"></header>
-<th:block th:replace="fragment/admin_header :: headerScript"></th:block>
-<nav th:replace="fragment/header :: navFragment"></nav>
+<header th:replace="~{fragment/admin_header :: headerFragment}"></header>
+<th:block th:replace="~{fragment/admin_header :: headerScript}"></th:block>
+<nav th:replace="~{fragment/header :: navFragment}"></nav>
 
 
 
 <!-- csrf -->
 <input id="csrf" type="hidden" th:name="${_csrf.parameterName}" th:value="${_csrf.token}">
 <div>
-    <aside th:replace="fragment/menu :: menuFragment"></aside>
-    <th:block th:replace="fragment/menu :: menuScript"></th:block>
+    <aside th:replace="~{fragment/menu :: menuFragment}"></aside>
+    <th:block th:replace="~{fragment/menu :: menuScript}"></th:block>
 
     <section class="content">
         <div layout:fragment="contentFragment">
         </div>
         <th:block layout:fragment="contentScript">
         </th:block>
-        <footer th:replace="fragment/footer :: footerFragment"></footer>
+        <footer th:replace="~{fragment/footer :: footerFragment}"></footer>
     </section>
 </div>
 </body>
diff --git a/src/main/resources/templates/views/samples/portal.html b/src/main/resources/templates/views/samples/portal.html
index dab52dd..814e897 100644
--- a/src/main/resources/templates/views/samples/portal.html
+++ b/src/main/resources/templates/views/samples/portal.html
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 
   <div class="example">
     <h2>2. 프래그먼트 대체</h2>
-    <header th:replace="fragment/header :: headerFragment"></header>
+    <header th:replace="~{fragment/header :: headerFragment}"></header>
   </div>
 
   <div class="example">
diff --git a/src/main/resources/templates/views/samples/thymeleaf.html b/src/main/resources/templates/views/samples/thymeleaf.html
index 9ac6da0..72ee69b 100644
--- a/src/main/resources/templates/views/samples/thymeleaf.html
+++ b/src/main/resources/templates/views/samples/thymeleaf.html
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@
 
   <div class="example">
     <h2>14. 프래그먼트</h2>
-    <div th:include="fragment/footer :: footerFragment">여기에 푸터가 들어갑니다</div>
+    <div th:include="~{fragment/footer :: footerFragment}">여기에 푸터가 들어갑니다</div>
   </div>
 
   <div class="example">
